Saturday 26 July 2014

Respect for marine life


RESPECTING MARINE LIFE

Disclaimer: There are many definitions of the word, 'respect' but since this is not a blog on specifics of grammar of the English language, it is the word that I will continue to revisit throughout this post; suppose you could say it's the theme.





The sea, ocean and the diverse life that it contains has so many uses; intrinsic and extrinsic values; supports so many and still has great potential for the future and should be protected, cared for and respected.

This practice of "respect" can begin in your home, even if it is located at some distance from the sea since many things that you do at home can trickle (literally) into and affect the sea. For example, some of that dishwashing liquid that you just used to clean that dish may end up in the sea later on in the day or week after it leaves your pipes and enters the drainage system or what about those pesticides that leach into the soil and into our water source and eventually flow out to sea? Hopefully by now you are thinking, "hmmmm" and I have sparked a piece of awareness in you. Let's move a little closer to our subject. What if you are on the beach and leave a plastic bag? This can enter the sea and turtles may mistake it as jellyfish and choke on it, leading to their death.  Now let's enter our subject- walk into the sea with me. The sunscreen that you have on is most probably leaving your skin and entering the water- look for a oily film around you. This may contribute to smothering some species of corals.  I am not saying do not use sunscreen but why not spend some time getting to know your products; read labels or try making your own (digressing a bit here!)



You are now snorkelling and see a beautiful starfish 8 feet below you. I am almost positive that many of you will first think, "ohhh so pretty, let me go closer or pick it up and take a picture". Well you can get closer but refrain from picking it up! With an increase in star fish in some areas in Barbados and having seen a few pictures on social media of people posing with these has sparked the inspiration (rant?) for this post.


Starfish, despite their name are not fish but echinoderms. Furthermore, they are keystone species which means that they play a critical role in maintaining balance in the ecosystem and if removed can affect this delicate and unique balance often resulting in loss of other species that rely on its' role. There have been massive die-offs of a few species of sea stars globally in recent times with reasons being attributed to a wasting syndrome and others to changes in temperature, among others. 


You may think nothing is wrong with holding that starfish for 30 seconds but think how many people hold that same starfish everyday causing stress to the animals when being lifted out of the water. These animals spend their lives submerged in water and diffuse oxygen from the water through the small tube feet on the underside of each of their legs. Moreover, star fish have eye spots that serve as receptors at the end of their arms/legs so when you pick them up, it's like poking their eyes (image being poked in your eyes a few times a day). Hopefully next time you see a star fish, instead of picking it up, take a picture of it underwater where it belongs and remember not to poke it in its eye. 





I simply chose starfish for the core of this post but much of this information could relate and apply to many other marine and terrestrial species. Now that you have read this essay, imagine that you are swimming along and catch a glimpse of a sea turtle in the distance. You kick as hard as you can to try to catch it and hold on for a ride- it is also advised that you do not do this! This may be one of our biggest attractions and we need the money from tourism but simply seeing these creatures in their "natural" habitat can be amazing. Remember, you are in their home so enter and leave without changing anything. Also, many of these species use defense mechanisms and if you make them feel threatened, you very well could end up becoming injured or harmed so also look out for yourself!

Turtle on the West Coast of Barbados

I simply chose these topics to discuss because these are things that more people come into contact with often and felt that it was a relatively easy thing to start making a change. There has been quite some discussion on social media this past week on the shark fishery of the island which is an issue that may be the subject of another post in the future. However, while your brains are ticking and becoming more aware of our surroundings and impacts that we can have on the marine environment both from home and at the beach or in the sea and how we may change these, why not also think about this and other fisheries and the interactions between people (cultural & livelihoods), money (economic) and the environment itself (ecological impacts)? 

Happy sea-ing and respecting!

Sea The Change Crew*





Thursday 3 July 2014

Marine mammals in captivity


Jump right in! A "dolphinarium" petition directed to the Coastal Zone Management Unit (CZMU) created by the Future Centre Trust (FCT) was all over my facebook recently and has sparked the idea for this post. It also made me think quite a bit more than regular on this issue and how I feel about it.  If you care to read on, you will see where I currently stand. 

In my opinion, the petition has garnered fantastic support and gives hope for public pressure creating change. We definitely need to see more of this in Barbados where the people can make a change and this petition has proved that many people are passionate about issues such as this and is a great step in the right direction. However, from my knowledge the petition should be directed to the Town and Country Planning Department (TCPD) and the Minister for Planning (the prime minister) as these agencies are in charge of approval for planning. CZMU  serves a very important advisory role but has already given their expertise advice to the relevant agencies and thus this issue is out of their hands as they do not approve planning. 

With that being said, let's swiftly move along and get to the point, something I haven't mastered as yet. The main issue of my post is not the petition but rather the main theme of marine mammals and more specifically dolphins in captivity as this species is more relevant to the proposed "dolphinarium". Digressing a bit here to give a greater picture on this issue- there is very little public information on the dolphinarium, simply it being announced at an event and later an article in a newspaper so will stick to this limited information given to the public.
Bottlenose dolphin calf in the Bahamas. Image via moi

However, the dolphins would probably be of the bottlenose species type (Tursiops truncatus) so here are some quick facts on them to get you further oriented: 

  • These dolphins are well known as the intelligent, charismatic and friendly species often due to their "smiling" appearance as a result of mouth structure and their playful behaviour
  • They travel in social groups and communicate with each other by a complex system of squeaks and whistles (echolocation).
  • They can weigh up to over 1000 lbs with an average adult length ranging from approx 8-12 feet with males often being larger
  • They have a lifespan of 20-40 years with gestation period being 12 months
  • An adult can consume from 15-30 lbs per day (fish, squid, crustaceans)
  • They can travel great distances often at fast speeds of up to 18 miles per hour!
  • Dolphins must consciously swim to the surface to breathe through their blowhole
  • This also means that they can never fully sleep and that half of their brain must remain active 

Under the sea. Image by me.


So why do I not like the idea of dolphins in captivity?

The point is that I am against dolphins in captivity and in this location for many reasons, with the main and underlying one being more of an animal rights/ethics issue:

  • These species would be in a very unnatural habitat 
  • Would have been accustomed to swimming great distances, playing and foraging and would have been removed from tightly knit pods (if not captive bred)
  • The capture and transportation can be traumatic
  • They require shade and greater depths than shallow pools or sea
  • There is lack of capacity for vet care and appropriate housing 
  • They can cause damage to humans through bites, ramming, disease
  • What about damage to their area during a hurricane?
  • This area is also very close to a prime hawksbill turtle nesting area
  • Near to a sewage outfall
  • People may argue that it is educational but would this really be education if the mammals are in an unnatural habitat performing odd behaviours?
  • Bad for tourism: most places are moving away from this and we would move towards it?

Getting a little more technical now: Furthermore, Barbados has ratified the SPAW Protocol. This is the Protocol Concerning Specially Protected Areas and Wildlife to the Convention for the Protection and Development of the Marine Environment of the Wider Caribbean Region.  Annex II lists animal species that are designated for total protection and recovery. Since we have ratified this protocol, we must abide to this (just another reason why this should not happen). 

If you are not yet convinced why marine mammals should not be in captivity, watch Blackfish.


This is an extremely powerful documentary and a great way to end this post with a boom!

Until next time which will hopefully be in the near future,
Nikola*